please find belwo some important topics for mid exams
1st 3 lesson lazmi kerna ap
Measuring Money nd its symbool
Table : The Monetary Aggregates
Measures of Inflation
Fixed-weight Index - CPI
Deflator – GDP or Personal Consumption Expenditure Deflator (dono mia se ek aya ga )
Indirect Finance VS Direct Finance(en mai fark)
Characteristics of Financial Instruments
Value of Financial Instruments
Financial Markets nd Role of Financial Markets
Structure of Financial Markets
Characteristics of a well-run financial market
The structure of the financial industry
Future Value nd presetn value
Important Properties of Present Value
Interest Rate and Discount Rate
Internal Rate of Return(serf tareef)
Real and Nominal Interest Rates
Measuring Risk
Variance
Standard Deviation
Risk Aversion vs Risk Premium en mai fark
Hedging Risk vs Spreading Risk
Zero-coupon bonds
Promise a single future payment, such as a Treasury bill.
Fixed payment loans
Conventional mortgages.
Car loans
Coupon Bonds
Make periodic interest payments and repay the principal at maturity.
Treasury Bonds and most corporate bonds are coupon bonds.
Consols
Make periodic interest payments forever, never repaying the principal that was borrowed.
Yield to Maturity tareef serf
Factors that shift Bond Supply
Factors that shift Bond Demand
Lesson 16
Sources of Bond Risk
Default Risk
Inflation Risk
Interest-Rate Risk
Lesson 18
The Liquidity Premium Theory
Why stocks are risky?
The Theory of Efficient Markets
Role of Financial Intermediaries:
Pool Savings
Safekeeping, accounting services and access to the payments system
Liquidity
Risk diversification
Information Services
Moral Hazards
Remeber me in Prayers
thanks
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